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“Mpox: A Comprehensive Guide to the Emerging Disease” Understanding Mpox: A Comprehensive Overview Introduction Classic mpox, or much better known as monkeypox, is a viral zoonotic inflexibility since the condition is less usual compared to smallpox. The disease, however, is becoming so fast a condition that can be of a great health challenge not only to animals but also to humans. Its invasion has caught people’s attention, considering the issue of several outbreaks in some parts of the world that provoke urgent concerns and alarms. History and Background Mpox was first identified in 1958 during two outbreaks of a pox-like disease that had hit colonies of monkeys kept for research; hence the name “monkeypox.” The first human case was recorded in 1970 in the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). So far, the disease has mainly been reported in Central and West African countries. Recent outbreaks outside of Africa have been particularly concerning given the chances of mpox circulating beyond regions in the world; this is why there is a call for more vigilant monitoring and research to understand the transmission mechanisms and come up with strategies geared towards combating it. Cause and Transmission Mpox is a disease in human beings caused by the mpox Orthopoxvirus genus in the virus family of Poxviridae. The virus causing the ailment is transmitted to humans by direct contact with an infected animal or person. It can also be transmitted by contact with other contaminated materials. Transmission is in several ways: animal to human, bites or scratches from infected animals, handling of wild game, or use of products derived from infected animals. Humans acquire mpox from other human beings, through the respiratory route on exposure of considerable duration to respiratory droplets, by direct contact with either human body fluids or from body lesions and by indirect contact with contaminated bedding or clothing. Symptoms and Diagnosis Diagnoses in humans usually present symptoms closely related to, albeit milder than smallpox. The incubation period is usually 7–14 days although on occasion has been known to range from 5-21 days. The first symptoms are usually fever, malaise, muscle aches, and headaches, which may last a few days. After this, a rash appears, generally starting on the face and spreading to other parts of the body. Lesions become pustular and are finally covered by brown scabs that falloff, ending the duration. The diagnosis of mpox is clinico-epidemiological and through laboratory tests. The amplification of the mpox virus DNA in patient samples can be detected most reliably through PCR testing. Treatment and Prevention No specific treatment for mpox has yet been approved to date. The management of the disease mainly remains symptomatic, aimed at preventing associated complications. In some cases, the off-label use of antiviral agents developed for smallpox treatment, for example, tecovirimat, may be used on certain terms to treat mpox. It includes avoiding contact with animals that could harbor the virus, especially in endemic areas, and measures such as good hygiene, including washing hands. Health workers and others at high risk are encouraged to observe personal barrier protection by using PPE to minimize the risk of infection. Some protection is given for mpox by vaccination against smallpox. The new ones are like the JYNNEOS vaccine, which is particularly approved for the prevention of mpox and smallpox in the United States. Recent Outbreaks and Global Response Over the last few years, there have been cases of mpox outbreaks in countries which do not usually report this malady such as the United States, the United Kingdom, Israel, and Singapore. Such outbreaks have outlined the future possibility of this menace to turmoil beyond its traditional geographic scope and have thus emanated concerns about global public health. The World Health Organization (WHO) and other health agencies globally have been working aggressively to sensitize laboratory staff on cases of mpox, improve diagnosis, and provide guidance for managing outbreaks. Efforts will include vaccination and treatment development, improving surveillance, and sensitizing the public on preventive measures. Conclusion Less severe than smallpox, mpox poses an ongoing public health concern in addition to the possibility of outbreaks occurring in areas that were previously non-endemic. It is crucial to be aware of the modes of transmission and presentation, and avoid contact with suspected cases for control and public protection. More research and international cooperation to devise appropriate surveillance and control measures are warranted for appropriate and effective handling of mpox outbreaks in the future.

  As we advance further into the 21st century, the business world is evolving at an unprecedented pace. Companies across industries are facing new challenges and opportunities that require adaptive strategies and innovative thinking.  Here’s a look at some of the key trends shaping the future of business:  1. Digital Transformation The digital revolution continues to redefine the business landscape. Organizations are increasingly leveraging technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning, and cloud computing to streamline operations, enhance customer experiences, and drive growth. AI-powered analytics tools are enabling businesses to make data-driven decisions with greater accuracy, while cloud solutions are providing flexibility and scalability in managing resources.  2. Remote Work and Hybrid Models The COVID-19 pandemic accelerated the shift towards remote work, and this trend is showing no signs of reversing. Many companies are adopting hybrid work models, combining remote and in-office arrangements to offer employees greater flexibility. This shift is influencing real estate strategies, company culture, and the tools needed for effective virtual collaboration.  3. Sustainability and Corporate Responsibility Sustainability has become a core focus for businesses as consumers, investors, and regulators demand greater environmental and social responsibility. Companies are investing in green technologies, sustainable supply chains, and corporate social responsibility (CSR) initiatives. Transparency in reporting and commitment to ethical practices are becoming crucial for building brand trust and maintaining competitive advantage.  4. E-Commerce and Digital Payment Innovations The rise of e-commerce has transformed how businesses operate, with online sales channels becoming a significant revenue driver. Innovations in digital payments, such as contactless transactions, cryptocurrency, and mobile wallets, are also reshaping the financial landscape. Businesses are increasingly adopting these technologies to enhance convenience and security for their customers.  5. Data Privacy and Cybersecurity As digital transformation progresses, concerns over data privacy and cybersecurity are growing. Businesses are facing heightened scrutiny regarding how they handle personal information and protect against cyber threats. Investments in robust cybersecurity measures and compliance with regulations like the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) are essential for safeguarding data and maintaining customer trust.  6. Customer Experience and Personalization In a competitive market, delivering exceptional customer experiences is more important than ever. Companies are leveraging data and analytics to personalize interactions and create tailored experiences that meet individual preferences. From targeted marketing to customized product recommendations, personalization is becoming a key driver of customer loyalty and satisfaction.  7. Emerging Markets and Globalization Globalization continues to open up new opportunities in emerging markets. Businesses are expanding their reach beyond traditional borders, seeking growth in regions with developing economies. Understanding local cultures, regulations, and market dynamics is crucial for successfully entering and thriving in these new territories.  8. Innovation and Agile Practices The pace of change is accelerating, and businesses must stay agile to remain competitive. Embracing innovation and agile methodologies allows companies to adapt quickly to market shifts and customer needs. Continuous improvement, iterative development, and a culture of experimentation are essential for driving innovation and maintaining relevance.  9. Workforce Development and Skills Training The rapidly changing business environment is placing a premium on upskilling and reskilling the workforce. Companies are investing in training programs to equip employees with the skills needed to thrive in a digital age. Lifelong learning and adaptability are becoming critical for both individual career development and organizational success.  10. Economic Uncertainty and Resilience Economic uncertainty, driven by factors such as geopolitical tensions and market volatility, is challenging businesses to build resilience. Strategic planning, risk management, and financial agility are crucial for navigating uncertain times and ensuring long-term stability.   In conclusion, the future of business is being shaped by a confluence of technological advancements, changing work dynamics, and evolving consumer expectations. By staying informed about these key trends and adapting strategies accordingly, businesses can navigate the complexities of the modern landscape and position themselves for sustained success.

World Environment Day, celebrated on June 5th each year, is a global platform for raising awareness and taking action on pressing environmental issues. This annual event, established by the United Nations in 1974, has grown to become a pivotal occasion for encouraging worldwide consciousness and actions to protect our environment. This year’s theme for World Environment Day 2024 is “Ecosystem Restoration,” emphasizing the need for efforts in restoring damaged ecosystems and conserving the natural environment.  In Somalia, World Environment Day is of significant importance considering the challenges the country grapples with, from droughts to pest invasions. These major environmental issues are attributed to climate change, deforestation, and desertification.  The President of Somalia Dr. Hassan Sheikh Mohamud recently launched the Green Somalia Campaign to promote collective action in the climate action space. The Green Somalia Campaign is an initiative aimed at combating environmental degradation, promoting reforestation, and encouraging sustainable practices among the citizens.  As the world focuses on ecosystem restoration, Somalia’s efforts through the Green Somalia Campaign can serve as an inspiring example of environmental stewardship in action. Citizens are crucial players in restorative actions; hence the initiative sets up campaigns aligned with the goals of World Environment Day, considering their important role in Somalia’s environmental strategy.  Notably, Somalia’s community awareness regarding environmental issues isn’t uniform. In urban centers like Mogadishu, there is a growing recognition of the importance of environmental conservation. However, in rural areas, where the majority of the population resides, knowledge and awareness about environmental issues and sustainable practices remain limited.  This information is mainly shared and championed by local NGOs, international organizations, and government initiatives. However, rural citizens, living traditional lifestyles with limited access to education and information, face significant barriers to widespread environmental awareness. Therefore, the initiative aims to share information across populations, collectively calling for action among the citizenry in response to challenges arising from climate change.  The Green Somalia Campaign seeks to address the challenges faced, particularly aridness, severe droughts, desertification, and deforestation for charcoal production and agricultural expansion. These activities further degrade the land, reducing its ability to support vegetation and contributing to soil erosion.   According to the Green Somalia Campaign, the success of the initiative relies on community engagement through civic education and incentives for locals to adopt sustainable measures, facilitated by their local leaders and organizations.    Policymakers also play an essential role by creating suitable policies and governance structures to support the campaign’s objectives. This includes enforcing regulations on deforestation, promoting sustainable land use practices, and supporting alternative livelihoods to reduce dependence on environmentally harmful activities.    The Green Somalia Campaign focuses on reforestation and afforestation efforts to mitigate these impacts. Planting trees not only helps restore degraded lands but also improves soil quality, enhances water retention, and provides habitats for wildlife.    Successful actions already undertaken include projects by youth, such as the voluntary cleanup at Lido Beach every Friday morning. Additionally, students and members from various community sectors actively participate in educating the community about environmental stewardship and encouraging them to contribute to the beauty of their surroundings by planting trees.  Conclusion  World Environment Day serves as a reminder of our common responsibilities to maintain and restore our environment. In Somalia, the Green Somalia Campaign represents a significant step towards addressing the country’s environmental concerns. By raising awareness, supporting reforestation, and encouraging sustainable habits, Somalia may advance towards a greener and more sustainable future. However, tackling the challenges of funds, community participation, policy support, and climate resilience will be vital to the campaign’s success.

  I landed in Beijing on May 18, I had the privilege of representing Somalia at the China-Africa Youth Festival, an initiative aimed at fostering stronger ties between African nations and China. My journey began in Beijing and took me through a variety of cultural and educational experiences, facilitated by the warm and dedicated volunteers who ensured our comfort and engagement throughout the trip. Upon landing in Beijing, we were warmly welcomed by the event organizers and volunteers. Our first evening was marked by a welcome dinner along with setting a positive tone for the days ahead.  We started our day early with a visit to the iconic Juyongguan section of the Great Wall. The sheer scale and historical significance of the Wall left us in awe. we proceeded to the National Committee of the Chinese People’s Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC). Here, we had insightful interactions with the China-Africa Friendship Group, discussing the importance of our countries’ partnerships. Our evening was spent at Peking University, where we engaged in fruitful exchanges with students and faculty, followed by a delightful dinner. We visited the Museum of the Communist Party of China, gaining a deeper understanding of China’s political history. Post-lunch near the Beijing South Railway Station, we boarded a high-speed train to Jinhua, marking the beginning of our journey in Zhejiang province.  Our day began with a welcome ceremony at the Jinhua Administration Institute. We then explored the Common Prosperity Belt in Jindong and had a buffet lunch at the picturesque White Forest Town of San San Fami. The afternoon included a visit to Leap motor, showcasing China’s advancements in electric vehicles. The day concluded at Zhejiang Normal University, where we visited the African Museum and engaged in various cultural exchanges. We experienced a blend of Chinese and African cultures at the Wu Opera Grand Theatre, where we were treated to captivating performances. This cultural immersion was a highlight of the trip, reflecting the rich heritage and artistic expressions of both regions. Our itinerary included a visit to the Zhejiang Guangsha Vocational and Technical University of Construction, where we learned about traditional woodcarving techniques. The day also involved exploring the Yiwu International Trade Market, providing insights into China’s robust e-commerce and trade practices.  The final day was marked by the China-African Youth Dialogue at the Your World International Conference Centre. This dialogue provided a platform for exchanging ideas and forging connections that would further our collaborative efforts. The festival concluded with a closing ceremony and a group photo, symbolizing the unity and shared aspirations of our nations. This enriching experience would not have been possible without the meticulous planning and support of the organizers and volunteers. Their dedication ensured that our stay was comfortable and our engagements meaningful. The China- Africa Youth Festival not only strengthened the bonds between our nations but also left us with lasting memories and a deeper appreciation for each other’s cultures.  In representing Somalia at the China-Africa Youth Festival, I felt a profound sense of pride and responsibility. The festival highlighted the potential of youth in driving change and fostering international cooperation. I return home with new friendships, valuable knowledge, and a commitment to contribute to the ongoing partnership between Africa and China. What I have learned from China can greatly benefit my country. One of the most striking observations was the importance of rule and law in fostering a stable and prosperous society. China’s legal framework ensures order and predictability, creating an environment where businesses can thrive and citizens feel secure.  The country’s infrastructure development is another area that impressed me. From the extensive and efficient high-speed rail network to the modern urban facilities, China’s focus on building robust infrastructure has facilitated economic growth and improved the quality of life for its people. Investing in infrastructure in Somalia could similarly boost our economy and connectivity.  Digital development in China is also noteworthy. The widespread use of technology in everyday life, from mobile payments to smart city initiatives, has streamlined many processes and increased efficiency. Embracing digital development in Somalia could enhance government services, improve business operations, and expand access to information for our citizens. Additionally, China’s booming business environment, characterized by a mix of large corporations and thriving startups, provides a model for fostering entrepreneurship and innovation. By creating a supportive ecosystem for businesses, Somalia can stimulate economic growth and create job opportunities for its youth.  In summary, the lessons learned from China regarding the rule of law, infrastructure development, digital innovation, and business growth are invaluable. By adopting and adapting these practices, I hope to contribute to Somalia’s development and help build a brighter future for our nation.

The 10th Ministerial Conference of the China-Arab States Cooperation Forum will be held in Beijing on May 30. Chinese President Xi Jinping will attend the opening ceremony, and Foreign Minister Wang Yi will co-chair the meeting with Chair of Arab League Council and Mauritanian Foreign Minister Salem Ould Merzoug.  For Somalia, Foreign Minister Ahmed Moallim Fiqi will joinhis counterparts of China and other Arab countries to explore visions and avenues of deepening China-Arab cooperation. Established 20 years ago, China-Arab States Cooperation Forum has opened a new chapter ofstrengthening dialogues and cooperation to promote peace and development for China and Arab countries.  Over the past 20 years, remarkable progresses have been made in cooperation under the framework of the Forum, with 19 mechanisms formed including ministerial meetings, senior official meetings and senior official strategic political dialogues, etc., ranging widely frompolitics, economy and trade, energy to culture, science and technology, health, media, and people-to-people exchanges. 85 outcome documents in various fields have been published to guide and frame the joint commitment to continuously enriching the strategic core of our relationship and deepening as well as materializing our cooperation. In 2022, leaders of China and Arab countries came to the agreement on committing to building a China-Arab community with a shared future in the new era, which marked the implementing and thriving of the concept of a community with a shared future for mankind in Arab world. Since then, China and Arab countries have been continuously deepening mutual political trust, vitalizing pragmatic cooperation and diversifying cultural exchanges, with rich outcomes yielded in various fields. China and Arab countries support each other’s independence. We firmly support each other in safeguarding core interests.  Our two sides both stand for respect for sovereignty, independence and territorial integrity, mutual non-aggression, non-interference in internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, as well aspeaceful coexistence, both oppose external interference and all forms of hegemonism and both advocate respecting and supporting the right to independently choose development paths based on national conditions.  China and Arab countries jointly hold high multilateralism. Our both sides always firmly uphold the international system with the UN at its core, the international order underpinned by international law and the basic norms of international relations underpinned by the UN Charter. We jointly champion multilateralism, promote multilateral cooperation, and oppose unilateralism and power politics, advocate the democratization of international relations and support developing countries’ greater representation and voice in global governance.  China and Arab countries jointly promote peace and security. China actively advocates the vision of common, comprehensive, cooperative and sustainable security, adheres to the principles of non-interference, political settlement, objectivity and justice, as well as solution to both consequences and causes. Therefore, China has found the Chinese way to address hotspot issues and practiced it successfully together with Arab countries. China has mediated and contributed to the resumption of diplomatic relations between Saudi Arabia and Iran, ushering in a “tide of reconciliation” in the Middle East. At the invitation of China, representatives of Fatah and Hamas held in-depth and candid talks in Beijing for Palestinian reconciliation and achieved encouraging progress.  China firmly supports the just cause of the Palestinian people to restore their legitimate national rights and has always been advocating for a comprehensive, fair and lasting solution to the Palestinian issue. China and Arab countries jointly practice mutual learning among civilizations. As ancient civilizations, China and Arab countries both champion equality, mutual learning, dialogue, and inclusiveness between civilizations, and thus have set a model of mutual learning between civilizations. In 2023, President Xi Jinping put forward the Global Civilization Initiative, which was echoed by Arab countries with enthusiasm. The Arab League became the first regional organization to jointly issue a document with China to implement the initiative. Among the 19 cooperation mechanisms under the framework of the  China-Arab States Cooperation Forum, 11 are related to cultural exchanges. 50 Chinese and Arab classics have been published under the “Chinese-Arabic Classics Translation” project. Young people from Somalia, Egypt, together with youth of other countries, participated in the “Tiangong Dialogue”, providing testimony to the global commitment of China’s aerospace development in Arab world. Somalia is an important member of the Arab countries and China-Arab cooperation. The cooperation and exchanges between  China and Somalia under the China-Arab cooperation framework have become an integral part of our bilateral relations which has substantially contributed to the consolidation and expansion of our traditional friendship. China is ready to work with Somalia and other Arab countries to embrace the new prospects and dynamism of China-Arab relations, so as to build with every effort a China-Arab community with a shared future in the new era as a part of the efforts in building mankind’s community with a shared future. Author: H.E. CHEN Wendi, Acting Ambassador of the People’s Republic of China to the Federal Republic of Somalia.

  Minister Mohamed Barre Mohamud stressed the high unemployment rates and the resulting despair among young people in the Horn of Africa. He noted that youth under 25 make up 60% of Africa’s population, yet their potential contributions to development and peace are often overlooked. “As the Minister of Youth, I am committed to achieving positive changes by promoting policies and advocating for their rights,” said Minister Mohamud. “Through initiatives like Youth Skills for Peace and Somalia’s Youth Policy 2023-2030, we are laying the foundation for youth to actively participate in processes aimed at creating peace and security in Somalia. I am proud to announce that the Somali Ministry of Youth and Sports has prioritized youth, peace, and security by making it the fourth pillar of our national policy.” The establishment of the network also drew insights from Suldaan Said Ahmed, the Special Representative of the Finnish Foreign Minister for the Horn of Africa. Ahmed shared his experiences from recent official peace missions to the region, highlighting hopeful developments that require youth involvement to ensure long-term stability. Suldaan Said Ahmed, Special envoy of the Finnish Foreign Minister for the Horn of Africa Laura Järvilehto, communications specialist for the international operations of the Helsinki Deaconess Foundation, presented the Foundation’s peace work at the event. This includes creating employment opportunities for young people, which is integral to peace-building efforts. Laura Järvilehto, the communications specialist for the international operations of the Helsinki Deaconess Foundation Järvilehto announced that Suldaan Said Ahmed will coordinate the East African Youth Peace Network on behalf of the Deaconess Foundation, which will also oversee the network administratively. “The network’s goals and methods of operation will be planned in subsequent meetings,” Järvilehto added. The importance of youth in peacebuilding cannot be overstated. In post-conflict countries, youth are often the most affected by violence and instability. However, the lack of support and opportunities can severely undermine their potential to contribute positively to peace processes. In Somalia, for instance, the absence of adequate support structures has hindered the effective participation of young people in peacebuilding, despite their significant potential to drive change. Members of the new East African Youth Peace Network expressed their commitment and the profound personal significance of their involvement. Participants of East Africa Youth Peace Network Launching in The Deaconess Foundations, Finland  “We have grown up in a safe country (Finland), so it is time to bring peace to our homeland, from which we or our parents moved away due to insecurity,” said Jamila Mohamud, a member of the network. “The youth peace network is expected to inspire many young people who are interested in peace work both internationally and here in Finland.” Bilal Mohammed Hussein, another member, emphasized the crucial role of youth in these initiatives. “Youth are the future, and their opinions must be heard in peace processes,” he said. “The first impression I have gotten from this network is that I really have the opportunity to be involved in planning and then implementing peace-related activities.” Media as a tool to boost for peace work- Traditional and social media can influence and engage young people in the region, as research has shown that media affects people’s thoughts, feelings, and behavour. Thus, members of the youth peace network can act as good examples to other young people on social media by presenting content that promotes peace and creates hope. The launch of the East African Diaspora Youth for Peace Network in Finland marks a hopeful beginning for increased youth involvement in peace-building in East Africa. It serves as a reminder of the vital contributions young people can make to achieving lasting peace and security, if they are given the necessary support and opportunities.  Source: SSMV